ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Describir la evolución clínica de pacientes operados de prótesis total de rodilla por gonartrosis grado IV secundaria a enfermedad angular en varo. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, incluimos pacientes operados de artroplastía total de rodilla por gonartrosis secundaria a enfermedad angular en varo. Utilizamos las siguientes variables: género, edad, lado afectado, tipo de abordaje, tipo de prótesis, tipo de marcha postquirúrgica, infección, estado vascular, dolor postquirúrgico, rechazo de material protésico, deformidad angular en varoflexión pre- y postquirúrgicas. Resultados: Revisamos 13 expedientes, 69.2% hombres y 30.8% mujeres, la edad media 72.38, mínima 56-máxima 82, DE 7.11 años. Seis (46.2%) rodillas izquierdas y 7 (53.8%) derechas. A todos los pacientes se les realizó abordaje para-rotuliano medial y balance óseo, al 23.1% se le realizó balance capsuloligamentario; a 7.6% se les colocó prótesis total de rodilla posteroestabilizada y al 93.3% no posteroestabilizada; 1 (7.6%) paciente presentó infección, ninguno presentó compromiso vascular, 76.9% presentaron marcha asistida con bastón, 15.4% marcha independiente y 7.6% no presentó marcha. El grado promedio de deformidad angular prequirúrgico fue 15.77 y el postquirúrgico promedio menor o igual a 5º, la diferencia de promedios grados pre- y postquirúrgicos fue 36.719 y en flexión 0.439, p = 0.00 y p = 0.669 respectivamente (t pareada). Conclusión: Podemos concluir que la evolución clínica de los pacientes con gonartrosis secundaria a enfermedad angular en varo postoperados de ATR es buena, las complicaciones son similares a la literatura.
Objective: To describe the clinical evolution of patients with total knee replacement surgery due to grade IV gonarthrosis secondary to varus angular deformity. Material and methods: A descriptive trial where we included patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty due to gonarthrosis secondary to varus angular deformity. We used the following variables, sex, age, affected side, type of approach, type of prosthesis, type of gait post-surgically, infection, vascular status, post-surgical pain, rejection of prosthetic material, varus-flection angular deformity pre and post-surgically. Results: We reviewed 13 files, 69.2% men and 30.8% women, the mean age was 72.38, minimum 56, maximum 82, DE 7.11 years. Six (46.2%) left knees and 7 (53.8%) right knees. All patients had a medial parapatellar approach and bone balancing, 23.1% had ligament balancing; 7.6% had a total knee replacement stabilized posteriorly and 93.3% not stabilized posteriorly; 1 (7.6%) patient had infection, none had vascular involvement, 76.9% had to walk with a cane, 15.4% walked on their own and 7.6% had no gait. The average grade of the angular deformity pre-surgery was 15.77 and the average post-surgery was less than or equal to 5º, the difference of average grades pre and post-surgery was 36.719 and in flection 0.439, p= 0.00 and p= 0.669 respectively (paired t). Conclusion: We can conclude that the clinical evolution of patients with gonarthrosis secondary to varus angular deformity who underwent TKA is good, complications are similar to those in the literature.